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Thin layer chromatography is performed on a sheet or plate (about 0.25mm thick) of glass, aluminum foil or plastic which is coated with a thin layer of solid ADSORBENT material. The adsorbent material is usually silica gel 400-800 mesh size with a binder or without a binder, silica gel with a binder is known as Silica Gel G TLC grade as it contain Gypsum as a binder, which will allow the silica to adhere to the plates, for non-colored compound fluorescence is added for easy analysis of the compound under the ultra violet chamber, silica containing binder and fluorescence is known as silica gel GF254. The silica gel without binder is known is Silica Gel H TLC Grade. The silica gel H grade containing fluorescence activity is known as Silica Gel HF254.

TLC method is developed to see the progress in the reactions between compound to the adsorbent, mixture and solvents. These reactions help to identify the elements present in a mixture of compounds with the percentage of purity. TLC is a part of organic chemistry, which is used in separation, identification of different compounds.